Which statement about Fourth Amendment seizures is true?

• A. They never allow seizure of objects
• B. They allow seizure of persons, places and objects
• C. They require a warrant in all cases
• D. They only apply to state actors

Answer: (B)

Seizures under the Fourth Amendment cover more than just taking people into custody. A seizure is government action that restrains someone’s liberty or takes control of property. That means police can seize a person (arrest or detention), seize a place (search a home or other premises), and seize objects (items taken during a lawful search or under an authorized power). The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable seizures, and while warrants are required in many cases, there are important exceptions and special circumstances that allow seizures without a warrant. So the statement that seizures can involve persons, places, and objects best captures the scope of Fourth Amendment seizures.